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Finaxion Research · Ichimoku: buy above the cloud · single stocks · Recomputed 2026-09-10

Does Ichimoku: buy above the cloud work on ESS?

Ichimoku: buy above the cloud does not beat buy-and-hold on ESS: -9.8 points a year over 32 years.

Total return
187.9%
Buy and hold
×54
CAGR
3.3%
Sharpe
0.04
Max drawdown
-56.3%
Trades
434
Out of sample
overfit
Years
32
1×10×19951998200120042007201020132016201920222025
StrategyESS

Findings

  1. Ichimoku: buy above the cloud does not beat buy-and-hold on ESS: -9.8 points a year over 32 years.
  2. Against the S&P 500 over the same window: -7.7 points a year.
  3. Total return +187.9% versus ×54 for buy-and-hold, with 434 trades.
  4. The result does not hold out of sample: it is overfit.
  5. Maximum drawdown -56.3%.
  6. It beats in neither half of the history (split at 2010).
  7. It ranks #139 of 235 markets for this strategy by annual excess over the S&P 500.

Findings derived from the full panel. Each carries its number and its denominator; the computations are reproducible with artifact 3da70cf34031.

Exactly what was tested

Long while the close is above both cloud spans (Senkou A and B; 9/26/52); exit when the close drops below either.

How to read it

The verdict compares the strategy with buying and holding ESS over the same window, with round-trip costs per asset class. “Out of sample” is walk-forward: the rule is fit on one stretch and judged on the next. A result that beats in the full sample but not out of it is overfit. Full methodology in the protocol. How we test.

Open this backtest with its trades   Trades (CSV)

Every strategy on ESS → · Full page for Ichimoku: buy above the cloud →

How to cite

Finaxion Research (2026). Does Ichimoku: buy above the cloud work on ESS?. Daily backtest 1962-01-01–2026-08-31, artifact 3da70cf34031. https://finaxion.app/en/research/ichimoku-cloud/ess

Not a recommendation. Past performance does not guarantee future results.