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Finaxion Research · Kaufman’s adaptive moving average (KAMA) · single stocks · Recomputed 2026-09-10

Does Kaufman’s adaptive moving average (KAMA) work on DAL?

Kaufman’s adaptive moving average (KAMA) does not beat buy-and-hold on DAL: -6.7 points a year over 19 years.

Total return
26.6%
Buy and hold
339.1%
CAGR
1.2%
Sharpe
0.08
Max drawdown
-59.8%
Trades
674
Out of sample
—
Years
19
1×5×2008201020122014201620182020202220242026
StrategyDAL

Findings

  1. Kaufman’s adaptive moving average (KAMA) does not beat buy-and-hold on DAL: -6.7 points a year over 19 years.
  2. Against the S&P 500 over the same window: -9.6 points a year.
  3. Total return +26.6% versus +339.1% for buy-and-hold, with 674 trades.
  4. Maximum drawdown -59.8%.
  5. It beats in neither half of the history (split at 2016).
  6. It ranks #109 of 235 markets for this strategy by annual excess over the S&P 500.

Findings derived from the full panel. Each carries its number and its denominator; the computations are reproducible with artifact 6540eaf5c46b.

Exactly what was tested

Close crosses above KAMA(10, 2, 30) → entry; close crosses below → exit.

How to read it

The verdict compares the strategy with buying and holding DAL over the same window, with round-trip costs per asset class. “Out of sample” is walk-forward: the rule is fit on one stretch and judged on the next. A result that beats in the full sample but not out of it is overfit. Full methodology in the protocol. How we test.

Open this backtest with its trades   Trades (CSV)

Every strategy on DAL → · Full page for Kaufman’s adaptive moving average (KAMA) →

How to cite

Finaxion Research (2026). Does Kaufman’s adaptive moving average (KAMA) work on DAL?. Daily backtest 1962-01-01–2026-08-31, artifact 6540eaf5c46b. https://finaxion.app/en/research/kama-adaptive-average/dal

Not a recommendation. Past performance does not guarantee future results.